SMAD4 antibody (N-Term)

Catalog No. ABIN6972727

Product Details anti-SMAD4 Antibody

Target: SMAD4 (SMAD Family Member 4 (SMAD4))

Binding Specificity: N-Term

Reactivity: Human

Host: Rabbit

Clonality: Polyclonal

Conjugate: This SMAD4 antibody is un-conjugated

Application: Western Blotting (WB), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN)

Characteristics: SMAD4 (Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4) or common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site, required for syngernistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. SMAD4 antibody (pAb) was raised in a Rabbit host. It has been validated for use in Immunoprecipitation and Western blot, it has been shown to react with Human samples.

Purification: Affinity Purified

Immunogen: This antibody was raised against a peptide within the N-terminal region of human SMAD4.

Isotype: IgG

Application Details

Application Notes: Optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator.

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Independent Validation (CUT&RUN)

Validation #104457 (Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease)

by: Gianluca Zambanini, Anna Nordin and Claudio Cantù; Cantù Lab, Gene Regulation during Development and Disease, Linköping University

No.: #104457

Date: 12/07/2022

Antigen: SMAD4

Lot Number: 34614001

Method validated: Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease

Positive Control:

Polyclonal rabbit anti-H3K4me (antibodies-online, ABIN3023251)

Negative Control:

Polyclonal guinea pig anti-rabbit IgG (antibodies-online, ABIN101961)

Notes:

Passed. ABIN6972727 allows for CUT&RUN mediated profiling of SMAD4 in human cancer cells.

Validation Images

Library profiles comparing fragment size distributions on an E-Gel EX 2% agarose gel (Thermo Fisher). Fragments obtained from CUT&RUN using anti-SMAD4 ABIN6972727 (right) after library preparation, compared to the E-Gel Sizing DNA Ladder (Thermo Fisher) (left).

1. Peaks called for SMAD4. 2. Alignment tracks from CUT&RUN targeting SMAD4 in human cancer cells using ABIN6972727 antibody showing the TGFB2 locus. 3. Alignment tracks for CUT&RUN with the IgG negative control ABIN101961. 4. RefSeq Genes.

Full Methods

Primary Antibody: ABIN6972727

Full Protocol:

• Cell harvest and nuclear extraction
• • Harvest 250,000 human cancer cells per antibody stimulated
  • Centrifuge cell solution 5 min at 800 x g at RT.
  • Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Gently resuspend cells in 1 mL of Nuclear Extraction Buffer (20 mM HEPES-KOH pH 8.2, 20% Glycerol, 0.05% IGEPAL, 0.5 mM Spermidine, 10 mM KCl, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free).
  • Move the solution to a 2 mL centrifuge tube.
  • Pellet the nuclei 800 x g for 5 min.
  • Repeat the NE wash twice for a total of three washes.
  • Resuspend the nuclei in 20 µL NE Buffer per sample.
• Concanavalin A beads preparation
• • Prepare one 2 mL microcentrifuge tube.
  • Gently resuspend the magnetic Concanavalin A Beads (antibodies-online, ABIN6952467).
  • Pipette 20 µL Con A Beads slurry for each sample into the 2 mL microcentrifuge tube.
  • Place the tube on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tube from the magnetic stand.
  • Pipette 1 mL Binding Buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 10 mM KCl, 1 mM CaCl₂, 1 mM MnCl₂) into the tube and resuspend ConA beads by gentle pipetting.
  • Spin down the liquid from the lid with a quick pulse in a table-top centrifuge.
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tube from the magnetic stand.
  • Repeat the wash twice for a total of three washes.
  • Gently resuspend the ConA Beads in a volume of Binding Buffer corresponding to the original volume of bead slurry, i.e. 20 µL per sample.
• Nuclei immobilization – binding to Concanavalin A beads
• • Carefully vortex the nuclei suspension and add 20 µL of the Con A beads in Binding Buffer to the cell suspension for each sample.
  • Close tube tightly incubates 10 min at 4 °C.
  • Put the 2 mL tube on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the beads in 1 mL of EDTA Wash buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM Spermidine, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free, 2mM EDTA).
  • Incubate 5 min at RT.
  • Place the tube on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the beads in 200 µl of Wash Buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM Spermidine, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free) per sample.
• Primary antibody binding
• • Divide nuclei suspension into separate 200 µL PCR tubes, one for each antibody (150,000 cells per sample).
  • Add 2 µL antibody (anti-SMAD4 antibody ABIN6972727, anti-H3K4me positive control antibody ABIN3023251, and guinea pig anti-rabbit IgG negative control antibody ABIN101961) to the respective tube, corresponding to a 1:100 dilution.
  • Incubate at 4 °C ON.
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Wash with 200 µL of Wash Buffer using a multichannel pipette to accelerate the process.
  • Repeat the wash five times for a total of six washes.
• pAG-MNase Binding
• • Prepare a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube containing 100 µL of pAG mix per sample (100 µL of wash buffer + 58.5 µg pAG-MNase per sample).
  • Place the PCR tubes with the sample on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Resuspend the beads in 100 µL of pAG-MNase premix.
  • Incubate 30 min at 4 °C.
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Wash with 200 µL of Wash Buffer using a multichannel pipette to accelerate the process.
  • Repeat the wash five times for a total of six washes.
  • Resuspend in 100 µL of Wash Buffer.
• MNase digestion and release of pAG-MNase-antibody-chromatin complexes
• • Place PCR tubes on ice and allow to chill.
  • Prepare a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube with 102 µl of 2 mM CaCl₂ mix per sample (100 µl Wash Buffer + 2 µL 100 mM CaCl₂) and let it chill on ice.
  • Always in ice, place the samples on the magnetic rack and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the samples in 100 µl of the 2 mM CaCl₂ mix and incubate in ice for exactly 30 min.
  • Place the sample on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the sample in 50 µl of 1x Urea STOP Buffer (8.5 M Urea, 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM EGTA, 2 mM EDTA, 0.5% IGEPAL).
  • Incubate the samples 1h at 4°C.
  • Transfer the supernatant containing the pAG-MNase-bound digested chromatin fragments to fresh 200 µl PCR tubes.
• DNA Clean up
• • Take the Mag-Bind® TotalPure NGS beads (Omega Bio-Tek, M1378-01) from the storage and wait until they are at RT.
  • Add 2x volume of beads to each sample (e.g. 100 µL of beads for 50 µL of sample).
  • Incubate the beads and the sample for 15 min at RT.
  • During incubation prepare fresh EtOH 80%.
  • Place the PCR tubes on a magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Add 200 µl of fresh 80% EtOH to the sample without disturbing the beads (Important!!! Do NOT resuspend the beads or remove the tubes from the magnet stand or the sample will be lost).
  • Incubate 30 sec at RT.
  • Remove the EtOH from the sample.
  • Repeat the wash with 80% EtOH.
  • Resuspend the beads in 25 µL of 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.2.
  • Incubate the sample for 2 min at RT.
  • Repeat the 2x beads clean up as described before (this time with 50 µL of beads for each sample).
  • Resuspend the beads + DNA in 20 µL of 10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.2.
• Library preparation and sequencing
• • Prepare Libraries using KAPA HyperPrep Kit using KAPA Dual-Indexed adapters according to protocol.
  • Sequence samples on an Illumina NextSeq 500 sequencer, using a NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2.5 (75 Cycles), 36 bp PE.
• Peak calling
• • Trim reads using using bbTools bbduk (BBMap - Bushnell B. - sourceforge.net/projects/bbmap/) to remove adapters, artifacts and repeat sequences.
  • Map aligned reads to the hg38 human genome using bowtie with options -m 1 -v 0 -I 0 -X 500.
  • Use SAMtools to convert SAM files to BAM files and remove duplicates.
  • Use BEDtools genomecov to produce Bedgraph files.
  • Call peaks using SEACR with a 0.001 threshold and the option norm stringent.

Experimental Notes

The protocol is published in Zambanini, G. et al. A New CUT&RUN Low Volume-Urea (LoV-U) protocol uncovers Wnt/β-catenin tissue-specific genomic targets. Development (2022). PMID 36355069

Experimental Notes:

The protocol is published in Zambanini, G. et al. A New CUT&RUN Low Volume-Urea (LoV-U) protocol uncovers Wnt/β-catenin tissue-specific genomic targets. Development (2022). PMID 36355069

Handling

Buffer: Purified IgG in PBS with 30 % glycerol and 0.035 % sodium azide.

Preservative: Sodium azide

Precaution of Use: This product contains Sodium azide: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.

Storage: -20 °C

Storage Comment: Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles by aliquoting items into single-use fractions for storage at -20°C for up to 2 years. Keep all reagents on ice when not in storage.

Target Details for SMAD4

Target: SMAD4 (SMAD Family Member 4 (SMAD4))

Alternative Name: SMAD4 (SMAD4 Products)

Synonyms: smad4 antibody, DPC4 antibody, JIP antibody, MADH4 antibody, MYHRS antibody, AW743858 antibody, D18Wsu70e antibody, Madh4 antibody, XSmad4alpha antibody, Xsmad4 antibody, dpc4 antibody, jip antibody, madh4 antibody, xsmad4a antibody, SMAD family member 4 antibody, Smad4 protein antibody, SMAD family member 4, gene 1 L homeolog antibody, SMAD4 antibody, smad4 antibody, Smad4 antibody, smad4.1.L antibody

Molecular Weight: 72 kDa

NCBI Accession: NP_005350

Pathways: Cell Division Cycle, Chromatin Binding, Autophagy