CARDIF antibody, IPS-1 antibody, IPS1 antibody, VISA antibody, D430028G21Rik antibody, Visa antibody, cardif antibody, wu:fj20d04 antibody, zgc:158392 antibody, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein antibody, MAVS antibody, Mavs antibody, mavs antibody
Background
Double-stranded RNA viruses are recognized in a cell type-dependent manner by the transmembrane receptor TLR3 or by the cytoplasmic RNA helicases MDA5 and RIGI. These interactions initiate signaling pathways that differ in their initial steps but converge in the activation of the protein kinases IKKA and IKKB which activate NFKB, or TBK1 and IKKE (IKBKE, MIM 605048), which activate IRF3. Activated IRF3 and NFKB induce transcription of IFNB. For the TLR3 pathway, the intermediary molecule before the pathways converge is the cytoplasmic protein TRIF. For RIGI, the intermediary protein is mitochondria-bound IPS1.