For flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:50. For functional studies, dilutions have to be optimized in user's experimental setting. Positive HeLa cells transfected with TLR1 mRNA (Ref.1) control Negative Mock transfected HeLa cells (Ref.1) control
Restrictions
For Research Use only
Buffer
PBS, containing 0.1 % bovine serum albumin and 0.02 % sodium azide.
Preservative
Sodium azide
Precaution of Use
This product contains Sodium azide: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.
Storage
4 °C
Storage Comment
Product should be stored at 4 °C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for at least one year. The exact expiry date is indicated on the label.
Månsson, Adner, Höckerfelt, Cardell: "A distinct Toll-like receptor repertoire in human tonsillar B cells, directly activated by PamCSK, R-837 and CpG-2006 stimulation." in: Immunology, Vol. 118, Issue 4, pp. 539-48, (2006) (PubMed).
Ritter, Mennerich, Weith, Seither et al.: "Characterization of Toll-like receptors in primary lung epithelial cells: strong impact of the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C) on the regulation of Toll-like receptors, adaptor proteins and inflammatory ..." in: Journal of inflammation (London, England), Vol. 2, pp. 16, (2005) (PubMed).
Ochoa, Legaspi, Hatziris, Godowski, Modlin, Sieling: "Distribution of Toll-like receptor 1 and Toll-like receptor 2 in human lymphoid tissue." in: Immunology, Vol. 108, Issue 1, pp. 10-5, (2003) (PubMed).
The monoclonal antibody GD2.F4 reacts with human TLR1. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and play an essential role in recognizing conserved motifs found in various pathogens and initiating an appropriate innate immune response. In human, ten members of the TLR family have been identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors containing multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Mammalian responsiveness to microbial products may be mediated by combinations of TLRs, for example a co-operative effect is observed between TLR1 and TLR2 in response to bacterial lipoproteins. On the other hand, TLR 1 was shown to have the capacity to abrogate TLR4 signaling. In general, TLR1 is expressed at higher levels as compared to other TLRs. The highest expression of TLR1 is found in monocytes but it can also be expressed by macrophages, dendritic cells, B, T, and NK cells. In recent studies, several human TLR1 polymorphisms have been associated with impaired mycobacterial signaling and susceptibility to tuberculosis. Aliases CD281, toll-like receptor 1 Immunogen TLR1Fc